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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Professor" data-source="post: 84618" data-attributes="member: 202"><p>Aah!, you can go way back beyond to 1674 when Perrault started taking measurements but it was in 1802 when Dalton took it outdoors to measure the weather!!</p><h3>Historical developments of models for estimating evaporation using standard meteorological data</h3><h3>Abstract</h3><p>  Evaporation plays a key role in the hydrology of a catchment. World-wide actual terrestrial evaporation is approximately two third of terrestrial precipitation. Evaporation is the focus of this study in which we describe the historical developments of models for estimating evaporation from standard meteorological data. Although Aristotle and Descartes made early contributions to understanding evaporation, Perrault is credited with having made the first experimental measurement of evaporation in about 1674 though in fact what he measured was sublimation by recording the loss of weight of a block of ice through time. In 1686, Halley carried out the first direct measurement of the evaporation of liquid water. Following a detailed set of experiments, Dalton in 1802 published an essay describing the relationship between evaporation, vapor pressure deficit, and wind speed which is the forerunner of the mass-transfer equation to estimate open-water evaporation. In 1921, Cummings proposed an approximate energy balance equation which in 1948 Penman combined with a mass-transfer equation based on Dalton's work to develop the Penman equation. A key input was the Bowen ratio published in 1926. Following Penman, the next major development was by Monteith in 1965. He modified Penman's equation for a single leaf to deal with a canopy which led to the Penman–Monteith model and <strong>is the basis of the FAO56 Reference Crop model.</strong> Priestley and Taylor introduced their model in 1972, which is based on the energy term in Penman's equation, and underpins other models .  .  .</p><p>[URL unfurl="true"]https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/wat2.1172[/URL]</p></blockquote><p></p>

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