Was Michael Collins a British Agent?

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View: https://x.com/erskinechilders/status/2091523548648993193?s=20


Erskine Childers, the grandson and great grandson of famous people of the same name, drawing apparently on family lore and on his own research in the National Archives in Kew Gardens in London, has hinted in a number of recent tweets, that, although not in so many words, he thinks Michael Collins was in some sense a British agent.

In particular he has highlighted the role of John Chartres, the mystery man of the Treaty negotiations, who apparently was in close contact with Collins throughout the war of independence, while being a short time earlier, or simultaneously, an important figure in the general munitions and labour part of the British war effort.

beasley.jpg


In any case to start such a debate, for the prosecution as it were, I thought I would throw out the following points:

a) He and his family were particularly friendly with the RIC in West Cork, not a crime of itself but somehow left out of most (?all) of his biographies.(i)

b) When in London in 1913 he became ‘intimate’ with Moya Llewelyn Davies, one of Lloyd George’s personal secretaries. She and he are together then after that throughout 1919, 20, 21 and she described herself as a spy and a close adviser of Collins. Collins was also a good friend all this time with her husband Compton who “had been largely instrumental in getting Lloyd George into Parliament.”(ii)

c) A fellow Cabinet Minister of Collins, Sceilg, pretty much accuses him of being a British agent. Sceilg, who’s real name was John J. O’Kelly, was quite a learned intelligent figure as you can read in his biography by Brian P. Murphy, The ‘Catholic Bulletin’ and Republican Ireland with Special Reference to J.J.O’Kelly (Sceilg) (2005) passim.(iii)

d) We are told that he had many meetings and was well in with Alfred Cope from the date of Cope’s arrival in Ireland, and specifically Richard Walsh says pre August 1920. Bear in mind that the war only really got going in the winter of that year (for example Tom Barry fires his first shot against the enemy on the 22nd Oct 1920) so Collins was closely involved with Lloyd George’s main man in Ireland from the very beginning of the intensive phase of the conflict.(iv) Incidentally Collins is often said to have been very close to Eamonn Duggan, who preceded him as Director of Intelligence, and Duggan - believe it or not! - has been described as a close friend of Cope’s throughout the conflict.(v)

e) Probably Collins’ closest political adviser was Tim Healy, who was advising him at least since early 1918, during the time he was on the run, and at the Treaty negotiations etc. Healy was accused by Sean MacBride of being the Castle’s biggest agent in Irish politics at that time.(vi)

f) A message was accidentally intercepted in August 1920 from a General in the ‘Imperial Intelligence Service’ writing to Collins.(vii)

g) Seamus Robinson TD, O/C of the 2nd Southern Division of the IRA and later a member of the Irish army’s Bureau of Military History, felt that ‘directions’ were given whereby exaggerated and ultimately positive publicity was ordered to shine on Collins during the war. The most likely explanation for this would have to be that Collins himself was an agent.(viii)

h) Instead of it being the case that the British military were baying for Collins’ blood at that time, and straining every sinew to lay hands on him, he even had a drink with a British captain at the time who well knew his identity.(ix)

i) Also his handling of IRA arms procurement,(x) unmasking of lesser spies,(xi) control of vital documents,(xii) and large operations like the French assassination attempt,(xiii) the Customs House and Stackumny railway attacks,(xiv) etc look a bit different in retrospect from the usual impression people have of Collins as “the man who won the war.”

So I’m a bit suspicious in any case!
 
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Footnotes
(The WS numbers are witness statements in the National Archives in Dublin, and this text is from Brian Nugent, In Defence of Conspiracy Theories (Corstown, 2008), p.76-78.)
i. Peter Folan WS 316.

ii. John J. O’Kelly (known as Sceilg) W.S. 384 p.66; Meda Ryan, Michael Collins and the women who spied for Ireland (Cork, 1996), p.21; Robert Barton WS 979 p.12; Pat Moylett WS 767 p.147; Peter Hart, Mick: The Real Michael Collins (Oxford, 2005), p.353.

iii. John J. O’Kelly W.S. 384 passim.

iv. Sceilg WS 384 p.60 et seq.; Richard Walsh WS 400 p.74; Lawrence Nugent WS 907 p.222-223.

v. James J O’Connor W.S. 1214 p.5 et seq. Even de Winter, the head of the British Secret Service in Dublin at the time, noted that
“many of Cope’s activities were centred in the person of E.J. Duggan, a solicitor whose office was situated close to the Castle gates.”
(Sir Ormonde de Winter, Winter’s Tale: An Autobiography (London, 1955), p.341).

vi. Tim Pat Coogan, Michael Collins: The Man Who Made Ireland (New York, 2002), p.390 et seq. quoting Sean MacBride’s interview in the Irish Press 16 and 18 October 1982; for the importance of Healy see e.g. Sean Moylan TD WS 505 p.2. and Richard Walsh TD WS 400 p.78.

vii. For a description of the message interception see Richard Walsh TD WS 400 p.74-76; and also Pat Moylett WS 767 p.51 who carried the message.

viii. Seamus Robinson TD, WS p.49.

ix. Sir William Darling, So it looks to me (London, 1952), p.212.

x. See e.g. the statement by Liam Mellows:
“He said he [Collins] was interfering with his job as Director of Purchases by buying arms across the water and paying more for them than he was. He was buying them, he said, not to use them but to prevent him (Liam) from getting them. This shocked me. ..”
(Peter Hart, Mick: The Real Michael Collins (Oxford, 2005), p.261 quoting Mrs Woods UCD P17a/150.)
Richard Walsh, who was in England for a time trying to procure arms for the Mayo Brigade, said that:
“there seemed to be nothing being attempted by G.H.Q. agents, and it could not have been for want of money”
(Richard Walsh TD from Balla Co.Mayo WS 400 p.131.)

xi. I think that the Quinlisk, Molloy and Jameson episodes are worth another look in that respect for which see Richard Walsh WS 400 and Peter Hart, Mick: The Real Michael Collins (Oxford, 2005), p.237.

xii. De Winter describes in his memoirs the huge haul of documents that they recovered. His department compiled ‘epitomes’ of the most vital information in the documents and for the period Oct 1920-July 1921 they compiled 1,200 such epitomes, some over 200 pages long. He himself noted that
“It was fortunate that the Irish had an irresistible habit of keeping documents.”
(Sir Ormonde de Winter, Winter’s Tale: An Autobiography (London, 1955), p.303-304.)

xiii. This was described by Seamus Robinson who, along with some others based in Tipperary, used to assist in Dublin operations. He wasn’t impressed with Collins’ role at all:
“The first time I found Mick Collins to be a bit of an artful dodger, was when he arranged the first, the “phoney” attack on French.”
(Seamus Robinson TD WS p.47-50).

xiv. Both being large operations that went suspiciously wrong. For Stackumny see Matthew Barry WS 932 where Collins’ military advise is found to be a bit perplexing in retrospect.
 
Nothing like a people trying to tarnish the name of one of their Country's greats.

We truly have fallen.
 
This issue is certainly worth discussing. Apparently, during his years in London he was working with a bank. He even spent a year in New York working in a bank that had links to funding the Bolshevik revolution. What a cohencidence.

The order to open fire on the republican garrison in the Four Courts was so stupid that it has to raise questions.

The account of him springing Dev from an English prison is farcical and hard to believe.

The criticisms of Collins by fellow IRA men that Scolaire has assembled should be taken very seriously. It seems there were numerous references to him blocking arms supplies to Ireland. A very serious allegation.

But if he was an agent, how about the Bloody Sunday attack on British agents?

And why did Brits shoot him at Beal na Blath? Did they feel they had got their money's worth
 
Yes it does raise further questions if you do agree he was an agent. The Bloody Sunday attack was on agents I think ultimately assembled by Ormonde de Winter, the Intelligence chief in Dublin Castle who did not get on at all with Cope, Lloyd George's czar in the Castle. A few days before that event Cope was going through de Winter's files on these agents, so make of that what you will!
 
I think he was seen by both elements in Dublin, like maybe Healey, and London, as a loose cannon who knew too much, at the time of Beal na blath.
 
Killing Collins was just "housekeeping" as Mo Mowlam used to say. Plus the debate about the killing was a useful distraction from the allegation that he was a spy.

Piaras Beaslai wrote a two volume book on Collins in the 1920s, but it is hard to find. From the article quoted, it seems he also started to have his doubts about Collins.

Wasn't Moya shagging other FreeStaters later on?
 
The Anti-Treatyites killed him in an ambush, not the Brits nor Emmet Dalton nor anyone else.

C'mon lads this is just daft.
 

View: https://x.com/erskinechilders/status/2091523548648993193?s=20


Erskine Childers, the grandson and great grandson of famous people of the same name, drawing apparently on family lore and on his own research in the National Archives in Kew Gardens in London, has hinted in a number of recent tweets, that, although not in so many words, he thinks Michael Collins was in some sense a British agent.

In particular he has highlighted the role of John Chartres, the mystery man of the Treaty negotiations, who apparently was in close contact with Collins throughout the war of independence, while being a short time earlier, or simultaneously, an important figure in the general munitions and labour part of the British war effort.

View attachment 9405

In any case to start such a debate, for the prosecution as it were, I thought I would throw out the following points:

a) He and his family were particularly friendly with the RIC in West Cork, not a crime of itself but somehow left out of most (?all) of his biographies.(i)

b) When in London in 1913 he became ‘intimate’ with Moya Llewelyn Davies, one of Lloyd George’s personal secretaries. She and he are together then after that throughout 1919, 20, 21 and she described herself as a spy and a close adviser of Collins. Collins was also a good friend all this time with her husband Compton who “had been largely instrumental in getting Lloyd George into Parliament.”(ii)

c) A fellow Cabinet Minister of Collins, Sceilg, pretty much accuses him of being a British agent. Sceilg, who’s real name was John J. O’Kelly, was quite a learned intelligent figure as you can read in his biography by Brian P. Murphy, The ‘Catholic Bulletin’ and Republican Ireland with Special Reference to J.J.O’Kelly (Sceilg) (2005) passim.(iii)

d) We are told that he had many meetings and was well in with Alfred Cope from the date of Cope’s arrival in Ireland, and specifically Richard Walsh says pre August 1920. Bear in mind that the war only really got going in the winter of that year (for example Tom Barry fires his first shot against the enemy on the 22nd Oct 1920) so Collins was closely involved with Lloyd George’s main man in Ireland from the very beginning of the intensive phase of the conflict.(iv) Incidentally Collins is often said to have been very close to Eamonn Duggan, who preceded him as Director of Intelligence, and Duggan - believe it or not! - has been described as a close friend of Cope’s throughout the conflict.(v)

e) Probably Collins’ closest political adviser was Tim Healy, who was advising him at least since early 1918, during the time he was on the run, and at the Treaty negotiations etc. Healy was accused by Sean MacBride of being the Castle’s biggest agent in Irish politics at that time.(vi)

f) A message was accidentally intercepted in August 1920 from a General in the ‘Imperial Intelligence Service’ writing to Collins.(vii)

g) Seamus Robinson TD, O/C of the 2nd Southern Division of the IRA and later a member of the Irish army’s Bureau of Military History, felt that ‘directions’ were given whereby exaggerated and ultimately positive publicity was ordered to shine on Collins during the war. The most likely explanation for this would have to be that Collins himself was an agent.(viii)

h) Instead of it being the case that the British military were baying for Collins’ blood at that time, and straining every sinew to lay hands on him, he even had a drink with a British captain at the time who well knew his identity.(ix)

i) Also his handling of IRA arms procurement,(x) unmasking of lesser spies,(xi) control of vital documents,(xii) and large operations like the French assassination attempt,(xiii) the Customs House and Stackumny railway attacks,(xiv) etc look a bit different in retrospect from the usual impression people have of Collins as “the man who won the war.”

So I’m a bit suspicious in any case!

When you go to the shrine /statue/museum of collins in cathal brugha barracks as i have with a coach load of ONE from Finner camp in donegal .
you get a completely different picture from the senior members of our army who work in a barracks which was to have been named collins barracks but in a fit of jealous rage was named cathal brugha .
it is privately named collins barracks by the devoted army men in his memory and if you visit there you will be shown his house beside the wall on the ballsbridge side and the IRA would regularly climb this wall as they knew collins house was beside it and they would open fire on the house on a regular basis --collins camly slept in a small room on the ground floor on the side farthest from the wall .

this was not a nervous individual and he was adored by the soldiers then and now and they funded a proper statue in front of the mess which bears his name --they revere him and know deeply what he achieved .
world wide it was seen as superhuman what he achieved and the future prime minister of Israel YITZHAK SHAMIR took the name Michael as he readily admitted to have used Collins tactics to get rid of the British from British mandated Palestine where many of the black and tans had gone to after Ireland .
there is a army belief that Collins was shot at close range as the burn marks from the muzzle were on his body and only there because he was shot by they believe General Emmet Dalton who they believe was a British agent and who was standing beside Collins at beal na blath the Ardmore studious money was his payoff it is believed.
 

View: https://x.com/erskinechilders/status/2091523548648993193?s=20


Erskine Childers, the grandson and great grandson of famous people of the same name, drawing apparently on family lore and on his own research in the National Archives in Kew Gardens in London, has hinted in a number of recent tweets, that, although not in so many words, he thinks Michael Collins was in some sense a British agent.

In particular he has highlighted the role of John Chartres, the mystery man of the Treaty negotiations, who apparently was in close contact with Collins throughout the war of independence, while being a short time earlier, or simultaneously, an important figure in the general munitions and labour part of the British war effort.

View attachment 9405

In any case to start such a debate, for the prosecution as it were, I thought I would throw out the following points:

a) He and his family were particularly friendly with the RIC in West Cork, not a crime of itself but somehow left out of most (?all) of his biographies.(i)

b) When in London in 1913 he became ‘intimate’ with Moya Llewelyn Davies, one of Lloyd George’s personal secretaries. She and he are together then after that throughout 1919, 20, 21 and she described herself as a spy and a close adviser of Collins. Collins was also a good friend all this time with her husband Compton who “had been largely instrumental in getting Lloyd George into Parliament.”(ii)

c) A fellow Cabinet Minister of Collins, Sceilg, pretty much accuses him of being a British agent. Sceilg, who’s real name was John J. O’Kelly, was quite a learned intelligent figure as you can read in his biography by Brian P. Murphy, The ‘Catholic Bulletin’ and Republican Ireland with Special Reference to J.J.O’Kelly (Sceilg) (2005) passim.(iii)

d) We are told that he had many meetings and was well in with Alfred Cope from the date of Cope’s arrival in Ireland, and specifically Richard Walsh says pre August 1920. Bear in mind that the war only really got going in the winter of that year (for example Tom Barry fires his first shot against the enemy on the 22nd Oct 1920) so Collins was closely involved with Lloyd George’s main man in Ireland from the very beginning of the intensive phase of the conflict.(iv) Incidentally Collins is often said to have been very close to Eamonn Duggan, who preceded him as Director of Intelligence, and Duggan - believe it or not! - has been described as a close friend of Cope’s throughout the conflict.(v)

e) Probably Collins’ closest political adviser was Tim Healy, who was advising him at least since early 1918, during the time he was on the run, and at the Treaty negotiations etc. Healy was accused by Sean MacBride of being the Castle’s biggest agent in Irish politics at that time.(vi)

f) A message was accidentally intercepted in August 1920 from a General in the ‘Imperial Intelligence Service’ writing to Collins.(vii)

g) Seamus Robinson TD, O/C of the 2nd Southern Division of the IRA and later a member of the Irish army’s Bureau of Military History, felt that ‘directions’ were given whereby exaggerated and ultimately positive publicity was ordered to shine on Collins during the war. The most likely explanation for this would have to be that Collins himself was an agent.(viii)

h) Instead of it being the case that the British military were baying for Collins’ blood at that time, and straining every sinew to lay hands on him, he even had a drink with a British captain at the time who well knew his identity.(ix)

i) Also his handling of IRA arms procurement,(x) unmasking of lesser spies,(xi) control of vital documents,(xii) and large operations like the French assassination attempt,(xiii) the Customs House and Stackumny railway attacks,(xiv) etc look a bit different in retrospect from the usual impression people have of Collins as “the man who won the war.”

So I’m a bit suspicious in any case!

J; He took a load of Brit field guns from the British depot at Richmond barrack and used them to open fire on Republicans in the 4 courts.
 
Anyone who watches this and still thinks Dalton was some kind of agent or worse still, Collins' assassin, is nuts.



View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLrGnImYCwU




The National Army had no field guns of its own. What else was he to do?

eh, dont use British guns to fire on Irishmen?
Dont fire on Irish men even with their own guns?

fucking gimp using British guns to enforce his British Treaty.

We dont really need deep-in-the-archive speculative documents to suggest that Collins was an agent.
 
I told you before, there was no way of getting your part of the Country in on the deal. The 600k Unionists made sure of that.

You have to let it go.
 
There is, no conclusive proof / strong evidence, either way to be honest.

I need, more proof one way or the other on those mentioned above.
 
I told you before, there was no way of getting your part of the Country in on the deal. The 600k Unionists made sure of that.

You have to let it go.
Yes, the guy who would shoot Irish men rather than Ulster Unionists, possibly a british agent? If only we could find some sort of evidence.
 
There is, no conclusive proof / strong evidence, either way to be honest.

I need, more proof one way or the other on those mentioned above.
He killed Irish people to set up the British constructed Free State. A state that is currently wiping out Irish people on this island. No need to look for trees when the wood is right in front of you
 
Oliver St John Gogarty examined the body and noticed the burn marks.

They say Chuchill was pressuring Collins to attack the Four Courts. He should have told Churchhill to pog mo thoin. There was zero need to force the issue.
 
who was his driver --was he the devoted PA who the film portrays as his most loyal friend/comrade.
 
Yes, the guy who would shoot Irish men rather than Ulster Unionists, possibly a british agent? If only we could find some sort of evidence.
Those Irishmen were undermining the new Government. They couldn't be allowed occupy prominent buildings in the middle of Dublin FFS.

You Nordies who felt abandoned have never suggested an alternative. Its all pie in the sky nonsense.
 
Oliver St John Gogarty examined the body and noticed the burn marks.

They say Chuchill was pressuring Collins to attack the Four Courts. He should have told Churchhill to pog mo thoin. There was zero need to force the issue.
that was said to me by the soldiers in cathal brugha also.
 
But wouldn't that have meant the entire convoy would've had to been in on it? And what about the ambushers? Are folk saying they didn't exist?
 
But wouldn't that have meant the entire convoy would've had to been in on it?
It seems there is not much detail about the entire convoy. Possibly we don't even know all their names. IIRC some were new, just barely out of British Army uniforms.

On the Irish side, who was responsible for choosing the personnel for the convoy?


And what about the ambushers? Are folk saying they didn't exist?
 
It is said that Collins stood up and was aiming at the ambushers, who mostly had left anyway, when the driver got close behind him and shot him in the back of the head and that Dalton, a little ways off saw this, but nobody else because the driver was careful.

That then brings you into the whole controversy about the autopsy. If it was the ambushers, then he was killed by a rifle bullet hitting him at the front and exiting at the back, if it was the driver it was a pistol or revolver round, hitting him in the back and exiting at the front. The autopsy should be able to tell the difference, but it got lost and not that long afterwards the doctor who did it, Syngen Gogarty, was nearly assassinated.
 
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It is said that Collins stood up and was aiming at the ambushers, who mostly had left anyway, when the driver got close behind him and shot him in the back of the head and that Dalton, a little ways off saw this, but nobody else because the driver was careful.

That then brings you into the whole controversy about the all topsy. If it was the ambushers, then he was killed by a rifle bullet hitting him at the front and exiting at the back, if it was the driver it was a pistol or revolver round, hitting him in the back and exiting at the front. The all topsy should be able to tell the difference, but it got lost and not that long afterwards the doctor who did it, Syngen Gogarty, was nearly assassinated.
If they were all topsy then this could explain a lot ! ! !

Are you on a wind-up ? ! 😲 :ROFLMAO:
 
Tis certainly a possibility that the British ( maybe some, other / others ) had him assassinated but I need a bit more proof !

And it is certainly a possibility that he was a British Agent ~ But again, I need more proof ~ A lot more proof for both possibilities ! !

The British could do us some, Great Favours, by releasing who were, Spies / Agents, for them through-out Irish History ! ! !

Especially Recent History re; All the Agents that they, had / have, in Sinn Féin / PIRA ! ! !

Now that would be a Great Favour that the British could do for us = = Sadly they won't, because it would be very un-helpful for them re; Recruiting ~ Agents, now and in the future, in the many places that they are doing so and will do so ! ! !
 
Myles Dungan has been ripping off Scolaire's research!!!

He has just published a book that says that MOST of the Fenian bombs of the 1880s were actually done by the Brit deep state. Double agents and snitches all over the bombs. They bombed Scotland Yard and Houses of Parliament. There was only one bomb that didn't have deep state involvement.

If they were at that in the 1880s, perhaps they were at it in the 1920s or even the 2020s.

Bombing the Four Courts and working for a New York judaeo-communist bank are the most suspicious things about Collins.

Anti-Treaty forces were also guilty of shooting at Free State troops in Dublin, instead of shooting British troops who were still around.
 
Myles Dungan has been ripping off Scolaire's research!!!

He has just published a book that says that MOST of the Fenian bombs of the 1880s were actually done by the Brit deep state. Double agents and snitches all over the bombs. They bombed Scotland Yard and Houses of Parliament. There was only one bomb that didn't have deep state involvement.

If they were at that in the 1880s, perhaps they were at it in the 1920s or even the 2020s.

Bombing the Four Courts and working for a New York judaeo-communist bank are the most suspicious things about Collins.

Anti-Treaty forces were also guilty of shooting at Free State troops in Dublin, instead of shooting British troops who were still around.
Free State troops were ex Auxiliaries and Tans
 
Those Irishmen were undermining the new Government. They couldn't be allowed occupy prominent buildings in the middle of Dublin FFS.

You Nordies who felt abandoned have never suggested an alternative. Its all pie in the sky nonsense.
They were undermining a British constructed state forced on the Irish people under threat of full war. Ireland wouldn't be in the situation it is today had that Deformed State been allowed to get its hook in Ireland.
 
An estimated 25,000 to 28,000 regular British military ex-servicemen served in the Irish National Army during the peak of the Irish Civil War. [1, 2]

Michael Collins and Richard Mulcahy rapidly promoted British ex-servicemen to high-ranking positions to build a functional army.

Old IRA officers who had commanded active service units during the War of Independence were routinely passed over for promotion or placed under the command of former British officers. This caused immense bitterness, as the guerrillas believed their revolutionary loyalty should outweigh formal military training.
Officers (20%): Out of the 3,500 commissioned officers in the Free State ranks, roughly one-fifth (20%) possessed a British military background. This accounts for roughly 700 officers
 
. Major General William Richard English Murphy (W.R.E. Murphy)
  • WWI Record: Murphy was an educational inspector who joined the British Army in 1914. He rose to the exceptionally high rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the South Staffordshire Regiment and commanded a battalion on the Western Front and in Italy, winning both the Military Cross and the DSO.
  • National Army Role: Murphy was arguably the most highly qualified conventional tactician available to the Free State. He was appointed General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the Kerry Command and later the Kilkenny Command.

    Despite his later prominence as a Free State General, Murphy had no involvement with the IRA during the War of Independence
 
Commandant Martin Doyle (Victoria Cross Recipient)
  • WWI Record: Doyle served in the Royal Munster Fusiliers and the Royal Dublin Fusiliers. He was awarded the Victoria Cross (VC)—the highest British military decoration for valour—for his extraordinary bravery in September 1918 near Riencourt, France.
  • National Army Role: Unlike Dalton and Murphy, Doyle did not command entire divisions, but he served as a highly influential Company Commander and Intelligence Officer in the National Army.


Uniquely among Victoria Cross recipients, Martin Doyle turned his back on the British Empire shortly after being decorated by King George V to actively combat Crown forces. [1, 2]
  • The Cover Job: Following his demobilisation from the British Army in late 1919, Doyle returned to Ireland. In 1920, he successfully secured a civilian job working inside the British military barracks in Ennis, County Clare. [1, 2]
  • IRA Role: He joined the Mid-Clare Brigade of the IRA and was appointed as a brigade Intelligence Officer
 
The highest ranking Brit soldier ever killed by Irishmen was shot by two former British Army soldiers (one lame) outside his house in London.

Field Marshal Henry Wilson was instrumental in pushing for the invasion of Palestine during WWI, even though it meant draining almost a million troops from the western front.

He got less enthusiastic about Jews after the war, and was starting to whinge about the Protocols of the Elders of Zion until he was conveniently shot dead.

The two lads got hanged. They taunted the jury at the trial: We served in the war. Did any of you boys serve in the war? The jury didn't answer.
 
Yes its true, Wilson was putting a few pieces together before his convenient death. In particular he thought Lloyd George was a Communist.
 

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